You are here

Source Code des LC-Meters

Error message

Deprecated function: Array and string offset access syntax with curly braces is deprecated in include_once() (line 20 of /mnt/web216/e3/48/5667948/htdocs/includes/file.phar.inc).

Im folgenden ist der gesamte Quellcode des LC-Meters dargestellt, wie ich ihn für die einzelnen Experimente und Meßvorschriften im Hauptartikel benutzt habe. Die verwendete CPU ist ein Atmel ATmega163. Wird eine andere CPU aus der ATmega-Reihe verwendet, dann sind gegebenenfalls ein paar Namen (etwa bei den Timern und bei den Interruptvektoren) auszuwechseln. Wird eine völlig andere CPU verwendet, dann sind natürlich alle die Ports, Counter und Interrupts betreffenden Stellen anzupassen. Der Bequemlichkeit halber kann der Qullcode auch hier direkt heruntergeladen werden. Außerdem müssen die Anmerkungen im Artikel Verdrahtung berücksichtigt werden. Dort ist neben der Verkabelung vor allem beschrieben, wie eine notwendige Modifikation durchzuführen ist.

  1. // Firmware for an experimental LC-Meter
  2. // (c) 2005-2009 by DL8NCI
  3. // Compiled with WinAVR 20071221
  4. // and avr libc 1.6.0
  5. // fuse bits: LOW: 0xda HIGH:0xff
  6. // BOOTSZ = 128 word (irrelevant)
  7. // BOOTRST = not checked
  8. // BODLEVEL = 2,7 V (irrelevant)
  9. // BODEN = not checked
  10. // SPIEN = checked
  11. // CKSEL = Crystal Oscillator slowly raising power
  12. // Lockbits: 0xff
  13.  
  14. #include <inttypes.h>
  15. #include <avr/io.h>
  16. #include <avr/interrupt.h>
  17. #include <stdio.h>
  18. #include <util/delay.h>
  19. #include <avr/pgmspace.h>
  20.  
  21. // for the LC-Display
  22. #define LCD_DDR DDRA
  23. #define LCD_PORT PORTA
  24. #define LCD_PIN PINA
  25. #define LCD_PORT_E PORTC
  26. #define LCD_DDR_E DDRC
  27. #define LCD_E 2
  28. #define LCD_RW 3
  29. #define LCD_RS 4
  30.  
  31. // some convenient functions
  32. #define cbi(sfr, bit) (_SFR_BYTE(sfr) &= ~_BV(bit))
  33. #define sbi(sfr, bit) (_SFR_BYTE(sfr) |= _BV(bit))
  34.  
  35. // global variables for LC-display
  36. uint8_t LCD_pos;
  37. uint8_t LCD_esc;
  38.  
  39. // counter value and ready status for interrupt
  40. volatile uint32_t CNT;
  41. volatile uint8_t ready;
  42. uint8_t n_CNT;
  43.  
  44. // measuring mode, calibration mode and range
  45. uint8_t mmode;
  46. uint8_t cmode;
  47. uint8_t rmode;
  48.  
  49. // key status
  50. uint8_t keys;
  51.  
  52. #define NX_MAX 16
  53.  
  54. // some fixed values
  55. double C13 = 470e-12;
  56. double C15 = 330e-12;
  57.  
  58. #define PI 3.1415926535
  59. #define TF 200 // ca. 50 ms
  60. double t_gate;
  61.  
  62. // the relays/switches
  63. #define SHORT_LX cbi(PORTB,4);
  64. #define OPEN_LX sbi(PORTB,4);
  65. #define ON_330 cbi(PORTB,3);
  66. #define OFF_330 sbi(PORTB,3);
  67. #define SHORT_L3 cbi(PORTB,2);
  68. #define OPEN_L3 sbi(PORTB,2);
  69.  
  70. #define ON_33k cbi(PORTD, 1);
  71. #define OFF_33k sbi(PORTD, 1);
  72. #define ON_1M cbi(PORTD, 2);
  73. #define OFF_1M sbi(PORTD, 2);
  74. #define ON_1k cbi(PORTD, 0);
  75. #define OFF_1k sbi(PORTD, 0);
  76.  
  77. // all the LCD stuff - connected to the printf statement
  78. void LCD_PulseE(void) {
  79. sbi(LCD_PORT_E,LCD_E);
  80. _delay_us(2); // 2 us
  81. cbi(LCD_PORT_E,LCD_E);
  82. }
  83.  
  84. void LCD_WaitBusy(void) {
  85. uint8_t h=0x80;
  86.  
  87. LCD_DDR = 0x0c;
  88. LCD_PORT = 0x00;
  89.  
  90. while(h!=0) {
  91. LCD_PORT = 0x04;
  92. sbi(LCD_PORT_E,LCD_E);
  93. _delay_us(1); // 1 us
  94. h = LCD_PIN & 0x80;
  95. cbi(LCD_PORT_E,LCD_E);
  96. LCD_PulseE();
  97. }
  98. LCD_DDR = 0xfc;
  99. }
  100.  
  101. void LCD_SendCmd(char c) {
  102. char ch;
  103.  
  104. LCD_WaitBusy();
  105. LCD_PORT = c & 0xf0;
  106. LCD_PulseE();
  107.  
  108. ch = c;
  109. asm("swap %0" : "=r" (ch) : "0" (ch));
  110. LCD_PORT = ch & 0xf0;
  111. LCD_PulseE();
  112. }
  113.  
  114. void LCD_SendChar_int(char c) {
  115. char ch;
  116.  
  117. LCD_WaitBusy();
  118. LCD_PORT = (c & 0xf0) | 0x08;
  119. LCD_PulseE();
  120.  
  121. ch = c;
  122. asm("swap %0" : "=r" (ch) : "0" (ch));
  123. LCD_PORT = (ch & 0xf0) | 0x08;
  124. LCD_PulseE();
  125. LCD_pos++;
  126. }
  127.  
  128. int LCD_SendChar(char c, FILE *stream) {
  129. if (LCD_esc==0) {
  130. if (c!='\001') {
  131. LCD_SendChar_int(c);
  132. }
  133. else {
  134. LCD_esc = 1;
  135. }
  136. }
  137. else {
  138. switch(c) {
  139. case '\001':
  140. LCD_SendCmd(0x80);
  141. LCD_pos = 0;
  142. LCD_esc = 0;
  143. break;
  144. case '\002':
  145. LCD_SendCmd(0xc0);
  146. LCD_pos = 0;
  147. LCD_esc = 0;
  148. break;
  149. case '\003':
  150. LCD_SendCmd(0x94);
  151. LCD_pos = 0;
  152. LCD_esc = 0;
  153. break;
  154. case '\004':
  155. LCD_SendCmd(0xd4);
  156. LCD_pos = 0;
  157. LCD_esc = 0;
  158. break;
  159. case '\005':
  160. while(LCD_pos<20) LCD_SendChar_int(0x20);
  161. LCD_esc = 0;
  162. break;
  163. }
  164. }
  165. return 0;
  166. }
  167.  
  168. void LCD_Goto(uint8_t line, uint8_t column) {
  169. LCD_SendCmd(87 + column + 40*line);
  170. LCD_pos = column - 1;
  171. }
  172.  
  173. void LCD_Init(void) {
  174. uint8_t i;
  175.  
  176. for (i=0;i<20;i++) { _delay_ms(15.0); } // 300 ms
  177. sbi(LCD_DDR_E,LCD_E);
  178. LCD_DDR = 0xfc;
  179. LCD_PORT = 0x30;
  180. LCD_PulseE();
  181.  
  182. _delay_ms(15.0); // 15 ms
  183.  
  184. LCD_PORT = 0x30;
  185. LCD_PulseE();
  186.  
  187. _delay_ms(1.0); // 1 ms
  188.  
  189. LCD_PORT = 0x30;
  190. LCD_PulseE();
  191.  
  192. LCD_PORT = 0x20;
  193. LCD_PulseE();
  194.  
  195. LCD_SendCmd(0x28);
  196. LCD_SendCmd(0x0c);
  197. LCD_SendCmd(0x06);
  198.  
  199. LCD_SendCmd(0x01);
  200.  
  201. static FILE mystdout = FDEV_SETUP_STREAM(LCD_SendChar,NULL,_FDEV_SETUP_WRITE);
  202. stdout = &mystdout;
  203.  
  204. LCD_pos = 0;
  205. LCD_esc = 0;
  206. }
  207.  
  208.  
  209. // sometimes we have nothing to do
  210. void idle(void) { asm("nop" "\n\t" ::); }
  211.  
  212. // the handlers for key status changes
  213. void key0on(void) { } // not used
  214.  
  215. void key0off(void) { // togle light on/off
  216. if ((PORTD & 0x80)==0x80) cbi(PORTD,7); else sbi(PORTD,7);
  217. }
  218.  
  219. void key1on(void) { } // not used
  220.  
  221. void key1off(void) { // range selection
  222. rmode++;
  223. cmode = 0;
  224. if (rmode==3) rmode=0;
  225. }
  226.  
  227. void key2on(void) { } // not used
  228.  
  229. void key2off(void) { // toggle calibration/measurement
  230. if (cmode==0) cmode=1; else cmode=0;
  231. }
  232.  
  233. void key3on(void) { } // not used
  234.  
  235. void key3off(void) { // switch to next measuring mode
  236. mmode++;
  237. cmode = 0;
  238. rmode = 0;
  239. if (mmode==5) mmode=0;
  240. }
  241.  
  242.  
  243. // the timer2-compare interrupt
  244. ISR(TIMER2_COMP_vect) {
  245. uint16_t l,h;
  246.  
  247. TCCR1B = 0; // stop counter
  248. TCCR2 = 0; // stop timer
  249.  
  250. // read counter and ...
  251. l = TCNT1L;
  252. h = TCNT1H;
  253. // ... add to global counter
  254. CNT = CNT + l + (h << 8);
  255. ready=1;
  256. }
  257.  
  258. // the timer1-capture interrupt
  259. ISR(TIMER1_CAPT_vect) {
  260. uint16_t l,h;
  261.  
  262. TCCR1B = 0; // stop timer
  263.  
  264. // read counter and ...
  265. l = TCNT1L;
  266. h = TCNT1H;
  267. // ... add to global counter
  268. CNT = CNT + l + (h << 8);
  269. ready = 1;
  270. }
  271.  
  272. // some preparation - mainly determine t_gate (done once only)
  273. void Calibrate(void) {
  274.  
  275. CNT = 0;
  276.  
  277. // setup timer 1 as counter and timer 2 as timer
  278. cli();
  279.  
  280. TCCR1A = 0x00;
  281. TCCR1B = 0x00;
  282.  
  283. TCNT1H = 0;
  284. TCNT1L = 0;
  285.  
  286. TCCR2 = 0x00;
  287. OCR2 = TF;
  288. TCNT2 = 0;
  289.  
  290. sbi(SFIOR,PSR2); // Resest Timer Prescaler
  291.  
  292. //start counter
  293. TCCR1B = 0x02; // 0.5 MHz
  294.  
  295. //start timer
  296. TCCR2 = 0x07;
  297. //sbi(PORTD,5);
  298.  
  299. //some further initializations
  300. ready = 0;
  301.  
  302. sbi(TIMSK,OCIE2); // timer2-compare interrupt on
  303. sbi(TIFR,OCF2); // terminate active interrupts, if existing
  304. sei();
  305.  
  306. while (ready==0) idle();
  307.  
  308. t_gate = 8*(double)CNT/(double)F_CPU;
  309. }
  310.  
  311. // scan the keyboard
  312. void scan_keys(void) {
  313. uint8_t h1,h2,h3;
  314.  
  315. h1 = PINC;
  316.  
  317. h2 = h1 & 0x10; // current key0
  318. h3 = keys & 0x10; // previous key0
  319. if ((h3==0x10)&&(h2==0x00)) key0on();
  320. if ((h3==0x00)&&(h2==0x10)) key0off();
  321.  
  322. h2 = h1 & 0x20; // current key1
  323. h3 = keys & 0x20; // previous key1
  324. if ((h3==0x20)&&(h2==0x00)) key1on();
  325. if ((h3==0x00)&&(h2==0x20)) key1off();
  326.  
  327. h2 = h1 & 0x40; // current key2
  328. h3 = keys & 0x40; // previous key2
  329. if ((h3==0x40)&&(h2==0x00)) key2on();
  330. if ((h3==0x00)&&(h2==0x40)) key2off();
  331.  
  332. h2 = h1 & 0x80; // current key3
  333. h3 = keys & 0x80; // previous key3
  334. if ((h3==0x80)&&(h2==0x00)) key3on();
  335. if ((h3==0x00)&&(h2==0x80)) key3off();
  336.  
  337. keys = h1;
  338.  
  339. }
  340.  
  341.  
  342. // measure one time the current frequency
  343. void Measure_1(void) {
  344.  
  345. // prepare timer 1 as counter and timer 2 as timer
  346. cli();
  347.  
  348. TCCR1A = 0x00;
  349. TCCR1B = 0x00;
  350.  
  351. TCNT1H = 0;
  352. TCNT1L = 0;
  353.  
  354. TCCR2 = 0x00;
  355. OCR2 = TF;
  356. TCNT2 = 0;
  357.  
  358. sbi(SFIOR,PSR2); // Resest Timer Prescaler
  359.  
  360. //start counter
  361. TCCR1B = 0x06;
  362.  
  363. //start timer
  364. TCCR2 = 0x07;
  365.  
  366. //some further initializations
  367. ready = 0;
  368.  
  369. sbi(TIMSK,OCIE2); // timer2-compare interrupt on
  370. sbi(TIFR,OCF2); // terminate active interrupts, if existing
  371. sei();
  372.  
  373. while (ready==0) idle();
  374.  
  375. n_CNT++;
  376. // ready for next block
  377.  
  378. cbi(TIMSK,OCIE2); // timer2-compare interrupt off
  379. scan_keys();
  380.  
  381. }
  382.  
  383. // measure one time the pulse length of the NE555
  384. void Measure_555_1(void) {
  385. cli(); // disable all interrupts
  386. TCCR1A = 0x00; // prepare timer 1 and ...
  387. TCCR1B = 0; // ... stop timer 1
  388.  
  389. TCNT1H = 0; // set timer1 count value to 0
  390. TCNT1L = 0;
  391.  
  392. // start measurement
  393. ready = 0; // clear the ready status
  394. sbi(TIFR,ICF1); // terminate active interrupts, if existing
  395. sbi(TIMSK,TICIE1); // timer1-capture Interrupt on
  396.  
  397. sbi(SFIOR,PSR10); // reset prescaler
  398. TCCR1B=0x01; // start Timer 1
  399.  
  400. cbi(PORTD,5); // start NE555
  401. sei(); // enable interrupts
  402. sbi(PORTD,5); // return to high level
  403.  
  404. while (ready==0) idle(); // wait until ready
  405.  
  406. n_CNT++; // this was one more measurement
  407. cbi(TIMSK,TICIE1); // timer1-capture Interrupt off
  408. scan_keys(); // the keys
  409.  
  410. }
  411.  
  412. // execute the frequency measuremnt n times
  413. double Measure_M(uint8_t n) {
  414. double f;
  415. CNT = 0;
  416. n_CNT = 0;
  417. while (n_CNT<n) Measure_1();
  418. cli();
  419. f=(double)CNT/((double)n*t_gate);
  420. return f;
  421. }
  422.  
  423. // execute the pulse length measurement n times
  424. double Measure_555_N(uint8_t n) {
  425. double t;
  426. CNT = 0;
  427. n_CNT = 0;
  428. while (n_CNT<n) Measure_555_1();
  429. cli();
  430. t=(double)CNT/((double)F_CPU*(double)n);
  431. return t;
  432. }
  433.  
  434. // the main program
  435. int main (void) {
  436. uint8_t i,lcmode;
  437. double f1,f2,f3,f4,Lx,L3,Cy,t1,t2,C13x,Cxa, Cxb, Cx, R;
  438.  
  439. cli();
  440.  
  441. LCD_Init();
  442. printf_P(PSTR("\001\001LC-Meter Evaluation\001\005\001\002 (c) 2005 by DL8NCI\001\005"));
  443. for(i=0; i<100; i++) _delay_ms(10.0);
  444.  
  445. sbi(DDRB,4); // for shorting Lx
  446. sbi(DDRB,3); // for 330 pF
  447. sbi(DDRB,2); // for shorting L0
  448.  
  449. sbi(DDRD,0); // PD0..PD2 as output
  450. sbi(DDRD,1);
  451. sbi(DDRD,2);
  452.  
  453. SHORT_LX
  454. ON_330
  455. SHORT_L3
  456.  
  457. OFF_1k
  458. OFF_33k
  459. OFF_1M
  460.  
  461. keys = PINC;
  462.  
  463. DDRC = DDRC & 0x0f; // PC4..PC7 as input
  464. PORTC = PORTC | 0xf0; // PC4..PC7 with Pull Up
  465.  
  466. cbi(PORTD,7); // PD7 - background light for LCD (LED off)
  467. sbi(DDRD,7); // PD7 as output - LED
  468.  
  469. sbi(DDRD,5); // PD5 as output
  470. sbi(PORTD,5);
  471.  
  472. t_gate = 0;
  473. Calibrate(); // determine t_gate
  474.  
  475. mmode = 0; // the initial measuring mode
  476. cmode = 0; // calibrating mode
  477. rmode = 0; // range
  478.  
  479. // forever ...
  480. while(1) {
  481.  
  482. lcmode = cmode;
  483.  
  484. switch (mmode) {
  485. case 0: // normal operation with L0 and f1, f2, f3
  486. OPEN_L3
  487.  
  488. OPEN_LX
  489. OFF_330
  490. for(i=0; i<10; i++) { _delay_ms(10.0); }
  491. f1=Measure_M(8); // L0 + Lx; 470 pF + Cx
  492.  
  493. SHORT_LX
  494. for(i=0; i<10; i++) { _delay_ms(10.0); }
  495. f2=Measure_M(8); // L0; 470 pF + Cx
  496.  
  497. ON_330
  498. for(i=0; i<10; i++) { _delay_ms(10.0); }
  499. f3=Measure_M(8); // L0; 470 pF + 330 pF + Cx
  500.  
  501. if (f1>100) {
  502. L3 = (f2*f2-f3*f3)/(4*PI*PI*f2*f2*f3*f3*C15);
  503. Cy = (C15*f3*f3)/(f2*f2-f3*f3)-C13;
  504. Lx = (f2*f2-f1*f1)*(f2*f2-f3*f3)/(4*PI*PI*f1*f1*f2*f2*f3*f3*C15);
  505.  
  506. if (Lx>0.1) {
  507. printf_P(PSTR("\001\001%7.4f H %5.1f pF\001\005"),Lx, Cy*1e12);
  508. }
  509. else {
  510. printf_P(PSTR("\001\001%7.2f uH %5.1f pF\001\005"),Lx*1e6, Cy*1e12);
  511. }
  512. printf_P(PSTR("\001\002%7.2f uH ----- pF\001\005"),L3*1e6);
  513. }
  514. else {
  515. printf_P(PSTR("\001\001------- uH ----- pF\001\005"));
  516. printf_P(PSTR("\001\002------- uH ----- pF\001\005"));
  517. }
  518.  
  519. printf_P(PSTR("\001\003%8.3f %8.3f\001\005"),f1/1000, f2/1000);
  520. printf_P(PSTR("\001\004%8.3f %8.3f ms\001\005"),f3/1000, t_gate*1e3);
  521. break;
  522.  
  523. case 1: // normal operation with L0 and f1, f2, f4
  524.  
  525. OPEN_L3
  526.  
  527. SHORT_LX
  528. OFF_330
  529. for(i=0; i<10; i++) { _delay_ms(10.0); }
  530. f2=Measure_M(8); // L0 + Lx; 470 pF + Cx
  531.  
  532. OPEN_LX
  533. for(i=0; i<10; i++) { _delay_ms(10.0); }
  534. f1=Measure_M(8); // L0; 470 pF + Cx
  535.  
  536. ON_330
  537. for(i=0; i<10; i++) { _delay_ms(10.0); }
  538. f4=Measure_M(8); // L0 + Lx; 470 pF + 330 pF + Cx
  539.  
  540. if (f1>100) {
  541. L3 = (f1*f1-f4*f4)/(4*PI*PI*f2*f2*f4*f4*C15);
  542. Cy = (C15*f4*f4)/(f1*f1-f4*f4)-C13;
  543. Lx = (f2*f2-f1*f1)*(f1*f1-f4*f4)/(4*PI*PI*f1*f1*f2*f2*f4*f4*C15);
  544.  
  545.  
  546. if (Lx>0.1) {
  547. printf_P(PSTR("\001\001%7.4f H %5.1f pF\001\005"),Lx, Cy*1e12);
  548. }
  549. else {
  550. printf_P(PSTR("\001\001%7.2f uH %5.1f pF\001\005"),Lx*1e6, Cy*1e12);
  551. }
  552. printf_P(PSTR("\001\002%7.2f uH ----- pF\001\005"),L3*1e6);
  553. }
  554. else {
  555. printf_P(PSTR("\001\001------- uH ----- pF\001\005"));
  556. printf_P(PSTR("\001\002------- uH ----- pF\001\005"));
  557. }
  558.  
  559. printf_P(PSTR("\001\003%8.3f %8.3f\001\005"),f1/1000, f2/1000);
  560. printf_P(PSTR("\001\004%8.3f %8.3f ms\001\005"),f4/1000, t_gate*1e3);
  561. break;
  562.  
  563. case 2: // normal operation without L0
  564.  
  565. SHORT_L3
  566. OPEN_LX
  567.  
  568. OFF_330
  569. for(i=0; i<10; i++) { _delay_ms(10.0); }
  570. f1=Measure_M(8); // Lx, C13, Cy
  571.  
  572. ON_330
  573. for(i=0; i<10; i++) { _delay_ms(10.0); }
  574. f2=Measure_M(8); // Lx, C13, Cy, C15
  575.  
  576. if (f1>100) {
  577.  
  578. Lx = (f1*f1-f2*f2)/(4*PI*PI*f1*f1*f2*f2*C15);
  579. Cy = ((C13+C15)*f2*f2-C13*f1*f1)/(f1*f1-f2*f2);
  580.  
  581. if (Lx>0.1) {
  582. printf_P(PSTR("\001\001%7.4f H %5.1f pF\001\005"),Lx, Cy*1e12);
  583. }
  584. else {
  585. printf_P(PSTR("\001\001%7.2f uH %5.1f pF\001\005"),Lx*1e6, Cy*1e12);
  586. }
  587. printf_P(PSTR("\001\002\005"));
  588. }
  589. else {
  590. printf_P(PSTR("\001\001------- uH ----- pF\001\005"));
  591. printf_P(PSTR("\001\002------- uH ----- pF\001\005"));
  592. }
  593.  
  594. printf_P(PSTR("\001\003%8.3f %8.3f\001\005"),f1/1000, f2/1000);
  595. printf_P(PSTR("\001\004-------- %8.3f ms\001\005"), t_gate*1e3);
  596. break;
  597.  
  598. case 3: // C-Measurement with LC-Oscillator
  599.  
  600. if (cmode==0) {
  601. printf_P(PSTR("\001\001 Reference "));
  602. OPEN_L3
  603. SHORT_LX
  604.  
  605. OFF_330
  606. for(i=0; i<10; i++) { _delay_ms(10.0); }
  607. f1=Measure_M(8); // L3, C13
  608.  
  609. ON_330
  610. for(i=0; i<10; i++) { _delay_ms(10.0); }
  611. f2=Measure_M(8); // L3, C13, C15
  612.  
  613. C13x = C15*f2*f2/(f1*f1-f2*f2);
  614. L3 = (f1*f1-f2*f2)/(4*PI*PI*f1*f1*f2*f2*C15);
  615.  
  616. printf_P(PSTR("\001\002\001\005"));
  617. printf_P(PSTR("\001\003\001\005"));
  618.  
  619. }
  620. else {
  621. printf_P(PSTR("\001\001Measuring Mode 6.1"));
  622. OPEN_L3
  623. SHORT_LX
  624.  
  625. OFF_330
  626. for(i=0; i<10; i++) { _delay_ms(10.0); }
  627. f3=Measure_M(8); // L3, C13
  628.  
  629. ON_330
  630. for(i=0; i<10; i++) { _delay_ms(10.0); }
  631. f4=Measure_M(8); // L3, C13
  632.  
  633. Cxa = (C15*f2*f2*(f1*f1-f3*f3))/(f3*f3*(f1*f1-f2*f2));
  634. Cxb = (C15*f1*f1*(f2*f2-f4*f4))/(f4*f4*(f1*f1-f2*f2));
  635.  
  636.  
  637. printf_P(PSTR("\001\002%9.2f pF (a)"),Cxa*1e12);
  638. printf_P(PSTR("\001\003%9.2f pF (b)"),Cxb*1e12);
  639.  
  640.  
  641. }
  642.  
  643. printf_P(PSTR("\001\004%6.2f uH %7.2f pF"),L3*1e6, C13x*1e12);
  644.  
  645. break;
  646.  
  647.  
  648.  
  649. case 4: // C-measurement with NE555
  650.  
  651. switch (rmode) {
  652. case 0:
  653. R = 1e6;
  654. OFF_1k
  655. OFF_33k
  656. ON_1M
  657. break;
  658. case 1:
  659. R = 33e3;
  660. OFF_1k
  661. ON_33k
  662. OFF_1M
  663. break;
  664. case 2:
  665. R = 1e3;
  666. ON_1k
  667. OFF_33k
  668. OFF_1M
  669. break;
  670. }
  671.  
  672.  
  673.  
  674.  
  675. if (cmode==0) {
  676. printf_P(PSTR("\001\001 NE555 Reference "));
  677.  
  678. t1=Measure_555_N(64);
  679. printf_P(PSTR("\001\002t1 = %9.2f us\001\005"),t1*1e6);
  680.  
  681. Cy = t1/(1.1*R);
  682. printf_P(PSTR("\001\003Cy = %9.2f pF\001\005"),Cy*1e12);
  683. }
  684. else {
  685. printf_P(PSTR("\001\001 NE555 Measurement"));
  686.  
  687. t2=Measure_555_N(64);
  688. printf_P(PSTR("\001\002t2 = %9.2f us\001\005"),t2*1e6);
  689.  
  690. Cx = (t2-t1)/(1.1*R);
  691. printf_P(PSTR("\001\003Cx = %9.2f pF\001\005"),Cx*1e12);
  692. }
  693.  
  694. printf_P(PSTR("\001\004R = %4.0f kOhm\001\005"),R*1e-3);
  695.  
  696. for(i=0; i<30; i++) _delay_ms(10.0);
  697.  
  698. break;
  699.  
  700. }
  701. }
  702. return (0);
  703. }
German